This study by Nguyen and colleagues advances the field of veterinary vaccinology, specifically targeting African swine fever virus (ASFV), a highly contagious pathogen responsible for catastrophic losses in global swine populations. ASFV’s complex structure and antigenic diversity have hindered vaccine development, with prior efforts focusing on subunit vaccines targeting immunodominant proteins like p54, a structural antigen critical for viral entry and immune evasion. The p